Favelas are now often controlled by juveniles and young adults. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 17 (2020 est. ), total: 36,344,670 (2020 est. )exports: 16,000 metric tons (2020 est. Drug mule: carries drugs to others inside their body, these are unwilling members of a gang, and don't survive for very long. *** Incidents per 100,000 people - United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime 2018 Costa Rica - 1587.5 Argentina - 922.6 Uruguay - 866.8 Brazil - 695.8 Chile - 639.0 Nicaragua - 488.1 Ecuador - 419.7 Cabo Verde / Cape Verde - 408.6 South Africa - 331.7 Mexico - 257.7 Violent Crime Rates by Country 2022 Show Sources Homicide Rate (UNODC) Bucking this trend are the two largest cities. By May 14 the attacks had spread to other Brazilian states including Paran, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais and Bahia. )3.191 (2017 est. See here for a complete list of exchanges and delays. Utilizing standard definitions and procedures established by the national program, crime data on the number of serious criminal offenses reported to or investigated by law enforcement and the number of . Directly accessible data for 170 industries from 50 countries and over 1 million facts: Get quick analyses with our professional research service. The majority of these emigrants are well-educated and middle-class. ), fossil fuels: 11.8% of total installed capacity (2020 est. ), definition: age 15 and over can read and writetotal population: 93.2%male: 93%female: 93.4% (2018), total: 16 yearsmale: 15 yearsfemale: 16 years (2020), total: 31.9%male: 27%female: 38.2% (2021 est. Community (This content is not subject to review by Daily Kos staff prior to publication. As of 2007, murder was the most common cause of death among youth in Brazil, with 40% of all murder victims aged between 15 and 25 years old. ), total subscriptions: 30,653,813 (2020 est. (Brazilian Portuguese)The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. There are now nearly 1.3 million guns registered with Brazil's federal police, the report said, over double the number in 2017. We have provided a few examples below that you can copy and paste to your site: Your image export is now complete. The homicide rate was 20.64 per 100,000 in 2020 with 43,879 killings, similar to 2019, but down from 30.67 per 100,000 in 2017. Former-President LULA was convicted of accepting bribes and served jail time (2018-19), although his conviction was overturned in early 2021. Unsurprisingly then, while favelas are often represented as ramshackle hovels filled with poverty, drugs and gun violence, there is more to them than the stereotypes. In addition, this position has the most arrests. In terms of absolute number of murders in a year, Brazil has the most murders of any country by total number (62,318) followed by India . This ambiguity gives judges a high degree of discretion in sentencing, and leads to accusations of discriminatory or unequal court rulings. Avies (literally translated to "little airplanes"). Disparities in opportunities foster social exclusion and contribute to Brazil's high crime rate, particularly violent crime in cities and favelas (slums). The dictatorship lasted until 1985, when the military regime peacefully ceded power to civilian rulers, and the Brazilian Congress passed its current constitution in 1989.By far the largest and most populous country in South America, Brazil continues to pursue industrial and agricultural growth and development of its interior. )3.654 (2018 est. The numbers for those killed by police were similar, with 78.9% Black and most of them also young men. )crude oil and lease condensate exports: 1,123,300 bbl/day (2018 est. )spirits: 2 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. )exports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. )note: data are in 2017 dollars, 4.62% (2021 est. [46], The gangs more specifically in Rio de Janeiro are interested in harmony because they do not want any contact with the police. [6], Brazil is a central hub for the international trafficking of arms and drugs.[7]. ), fresh water lake(s): Lagoa dos Patos - 10,140 sq kmsalt water lake(s): Lagoa Mirim (shared with Uruguay) - 2,970 sq km, Amazon river mouth (shared with Peru [s]) - 6,400 km; Rio de la Plata/Parana river source (shared with Paraguay, Argentina, and Uruguay [m]) - 4,880 km; Tocantins - 3,650 km; Sao Francisco - 3,180 km; Paraguay river source (shared with Argentina and Paraguay [m]) - 2,549 km; Rio Negro river mouth (shared with Colombia [s] and Venezuela) - 2,250 km; Uruguay river source (shared with Argentina and Uruguay [m]) - 1,610 kmnote [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth, Atlantic Ocean drainage: Amazon (6,145,186 sq km), Orinoco (953,675 sq km), Paran (2,582,704 sq km), So Francisco (617,814 sq km), Tocantins (764,213 sq km), Amazon Basin, Guarani Aquifer System, Maranhao Basin, the vast majority of people live along, or relatively near, the Atlantic coast in the east; the population core is in the southeast, anchored by the cities of So Paolo, Braslia, and Rio de Janeiro, recurring droughts in northeast; floods and occasional frost in south, note 1: largest country in South America and in the Southern Hemisphere; shares common boundaries with every South American country except Chile and Ecuador; most of the Pantanal, the world's largest tropical wetland, extends through the west central part of the country; shares Iguau Falls (Iguaz Falls), the world's largest waterfalls system, with Argentinanote 2: cassava (manioc) the sixth most important food crop in the world - after maize, rice, wheat, potatoes, and soybeans - seems to have originated in the west-central part of Brazil; pineapples are probably indigenous to the southern Brazil-Paraguay regionnote 3: Rocas Atoll, located off the northeast coast of Brazil, is the only atoll in the South Atlantic, White 47.7%, mixed 43.1%, Black 7.6%, Asian 1.1%, Indigenous 0.4% (2010 est.). top 20 countries by intentional homicide rate, "As world homicide rate declines, killings rise in Latin America, Caribbean", "Brazil Had Record of 168 Murders per Day in 2016", "Brazil suffers record murder tally in 2017, ahead of election", "A most violent year: Brazil murder toll hits record 63,800", "NGO: 92 Pct. This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 22:35. Meanwhile, the rate of Brazilians in extreme poverty increased from 6.1 percent of the population in 2019 to 9.6 percent in 2021. What country has the highest crime rate? )transmission/distribution losses: 105.727 billion kWh (2020 est. The report, published by the Brazilian Public Security Forum, found that 76.2% of people murdered in Brazil were Black, with the vast majority young men. Brazilian coffee exporters politically dominated the country until populist leader Getlio VARGAS rose to power in 1930. In 2014, however, the violent lethality indicators rose again not only in the UPP areas, but in the entire municipality. Compared with the UK as a whole, London's crime rate is 9% worse than the UK average of 79.52 per 1,000 people. Overview Of Crime In Brazil Brazil had a per capita murder rate of 25.2 per 100,000 people in 2015, in that same year the country suffered a total of 50,108 murders. In 2017, Brazil had a murder rate of 29.2 per 100,000 population. Violent crime > Intentional homicide rate : Homicides per 100'000 residents. Local residents are mostly positive about the program and an overwhelming number of residents felt safer. [1] Brazil possesses high rates of violent crimes, such as murders and robberies. )geothermal: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Eastern South America, bordering the Atlantic Ocean, total: 8,515,770 sq kmland: 8,358,140 sq kmwater: 157,630 sq kmnote: includes Arquipelago de Fernando de Noronha, Atol das Rocas, Ilha da Trindade, Ilhas Martin Vaz, and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo, total: 16,145 kmborder countries (10): Argentina 1,263 km; Bolivia 3,403 km; Colombia 1,790 km; French Guiana 649 km; Guyana 1,308 km; Paraguay 1,371 km; Peru 2,659 km; Suriname 515 km; Uruguay 1,050 km; Venezuela 2,137 km, territorial sea: 12 nmcontiguous zone: 24 nmexclusive economic zone: 200 nmcontinental shelf: 200 nm or to edge of the continental margin, mostly flat to rolling lowlands in north; some plains, hills, mountains, and narrow coastal belt, highest point: Pico da Neblina 2,994 mlowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 mmean elevation: 320 m, alumina, bauxite, beryllium, gold, iron ore, manganese, nickel, niobium, phosphates, platinum, tantalum, tin, rare earth elements, uranium, petroleum, hydropower, timber, agricultural land: 32.9% (2018 est. As of 2013, 34 UPP units are operational in 226 different communities, with a reach of 1.5 million citizens. Thieves operate in outdoor markets, in hotels and on public transport. )consumption: 540,997,340,000 kWh (2020 est. Reuters, the news and media division of Thomson Reuters, is the worlds largest multimedia news provider, reaching billions of people worldwide every day. The exaggerated expansion also ended up overloading the Military Police, an institution that, according to Rodrigues, a former Military Police Colonel, already needed (and still needs) structural reforms. Brazil crime rate & statistics for 2020 was, Brazil crime rate & statistics for 2019 was, Brazil crime rate & statistics for 2018 was, Brazil crime rate & statistics for 2017 was. )1.22% (2019 est. [46] From the study; 74% had used marijuana, 36% had snorted cocaine, and 21% had used crack. )imports: 19.217 million metric tons (2020 est. )wind: 9.2% of total installed capacity (2020 est. [37], Since the first UPP arrived, in the Santa Marta community, in Botafogo, in 2008, the reality of the residents has changed not only in relation to the actions of armed groups. )note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports. )industry: 20.7% (2017 est. 0-14 years: 19.77% (male 22,084,172/female 21,148,290)15-64 years: 69.72% (male 75,612,047/female 76,853,504)65 years and over: 10.51% (2023 est.) Download Historical Data Save as Image From: To: Zoom: 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 Per 100K Population 22.45 Get in touch with us. Criminal penalties for youths, who make up a significant portion of street crime, is internment in educational centers with a maximum stay of 3 years. ), total: 12.8% (2020 est. Gang violence has been directed at police, security officials and related facilities. Editing by Sandra Maler, Air Canada pilots decry 'embarrassing' pay gap with U.S. after Delta deal, Bank of Canada to hold rates steady at 4.50% through this year, Mexico can't match U.S. incentives for proposed Tesla battery plant, minister says, UK public inflation expectations rise unexpectedly -Citi/YouGov, Holy oil for King Charles' coronation consecrated in Jerusalem, Biden assembles team of allies to boost re-election campaign, South Sudan president fires defence and interior ministers, Brazil approves GMO wheat as food supply fears help convince skeptics, Exclusive news, data and analytics for financial market professionals. The numbers. [17] In descending order as of April 2018, they are: Natal (fourth highest homicide rate worldwide), Fortaleza (seventh), Belm (tenth), Vitria da Conquista (eleventh), Macei (fourteenth), Aracaju (eighteenth), and Feira de Santana (nineteenth).[18]. ), 456.67 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. [46], Youth held low positions in the hierarchy and engaged in relatively low volumes of activity for short periods of time. Having successfully weathered a period of global financial difficulty in the late 20th century, under President Luiz Incio LULA da Silva (2003-2010) Brazil was seen as one of the world's strongest emerging markets and a contributor to global growth. In recent years, the homicide rate in Brazil has begun to decline. By 2015, the favela that had once a "model" UPP unit, saw the number of homicides spike, alongside the drug war. In So Paulo, killings by on-duty officers were up 9 percent from January through September. [35] According to them, the "lack of command, control and logistics" is the cause of all the problems in the Pacifying Police Units, including the death of police officers in the communities. )exports of goods and services: 12.6% (2017 est. LULA's revival became complete in October 2022 when he narrowly defeated incumbent Jair BOLSONARO (2019-2022) in the presidential election. )$14,700 (2019 est. You have every right to be sitting there wondering, "Ok, so is Brazil even safe to visit then?" )13.69% (2020 est. We work with surrogates across most of the states, including Washington, as well as intended parents from all over the U.S. and globally, who wish to work with a surrogate in Wash RIO DE JANEIRO, July 15 (Reuters) - Both murders and killings by police rose in Brazil during 2020 despite the coronavirus pandemic, according to new data published on Thursday, reversing gains made in the first years of President Jair Bolsonaro's term. Total murders set new records in the three . Crime Index by Country 2022 10. 51% of youth involved with trafficking reported it to be very easy to obtain a gun,[46] while 58% involved in trafficking reported it to be very easy to obtain cocaine.[46]. Violent Crime Comparison (per 1,000 residents) 20 15 10 5 0 3.14 National Median: 4 Indiana My Chances of Becoming a Victim of a Violent Crime 1 in 319 in Indiana Indiana VIOLENT CRIMES Population: 6,805,985 United States VIOLENT CRIMES Population: 331,888,310 Property Crime Property Crime Comparison (per 1,000 residents) 100 75 50 25 0 16.58 On 6 May 2021, at least 25 people were killed in a shootout between police and a . Brazil murder/homicide rate for 2017 was 30.69, a 3.38% increase from 2016. Residents of the city and tourists have little to fear, as people are out and about even in the wee hours of the morning. After the importation of African slaves was outlawed in the mid-19th century, Brazil sought Europeans (Italians, Portuguese, Spaniards, and Germans) and later Asians (Japanese) to work in agriculture, especially coffee cultivation. Find your information in our database containing over 20,000 reports, it ranks third in South America, in terms of homicide rates, highest income inequalities in the region, Brazil experienced its lowest intentional violent death rates, homicides reported in the South American country have black victims, sexual violence is still mostly directed at women, victims hadnt reached their fourteenth birthday. Brazil crime rate & statistics for 2017 was 30.69, a 3.38% increase from 2016. "The persistence of corruption in Brazilian politics Americas DW.COM 05.10.2014", "Brazil femicide law signed by President Rousseff", "Study: In Brazil, 10 women killed daily in domestic violence", "Latin America leads world on murder map, but key cities buck deadly trend", "cresce numero de pessoas mortas pela policia no brasil assassinatos de policiais em 2016", "com guerra de faccoes brasil atinge novo recorde de homicidios em 2017", "cresce numero de pessoas mortas pela policia no brasil assassinatos de policiais em 2018", "cresce numero de pessoas mortas pela policia no brasil assassinatos de policiais em 2019", "cresce numero de pessoas mortas pela policia no brasil assassinatos de policiais em 2020", "cresce numero de pessoas mortas pela policia no brasil assassinatos de policiais em 2021", "Polcia admite erros nas UPPs e especialistas avaliam mortes de PMs", "Os 10 erros da poltica de segurana das UPPs no Rio", "Antes pacificado, Morro Dona Marta, no Rio, registra dois tiroteios por semana", "Novo plano de ocupao social de favelas divide lderes comunitrios e especialistas", "Cidade Integrada: novo projeto de ocupao de comunidades prev incio por Muzema e Jacarezinho", "56 killed, many beheaded, in grisly Brazil prison riot", "Brazil drug gangs spark prison riot, 56 dead", "Brazil jail riot leaves at least 57 dead", "Violence in Rio de Janeiro: Child Soldiers in the Drug Wars", "Drugs and Drug Trafficking in Brazil: Trends and Policies", "Drug trafficking is a crime that most condemn in Brazil", "Former UN Head Kofi Annan and Former President of Brazil Cardoso Call for Decriminalization of Drugs", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crime_in_Brazil&oldid=1142348150, olheiro(a) and/or fogueteiro(a): person who looks out to provide early warnings of police or any enemy drug faction invasion. )exports: 395 million kWh (2020 est. 55-64 years: 9.78% (male 9,802,995/female 10,911,140) 65 years and over: 9.21% (male 8,323,344/female 11,176,018) (2020 est.) [8], For years, the tactic worked well with more or less success depending on the community. In the 7 years of the project, there were several allegations of corruption and abuse of force involving UPP soldiers. UPP personnel are well-educated and trained in both human rights and modern police techniques; their aim is to supplant the community presence of gangs as central community figures. Brasilia has not taken full advantage of its large working-age population to develop its human capital and strengthen its social and economic institutions but is funding a study abroad program to bring advanced skills back to the country. ), 60 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est. )3.944 (2019 est. The 2019 Cathedral City crime rate fell by 5% compared to . Another outbreak of violence took place in So Paulo in July 2006. If you use our chart images on your site or blog, we ask that you provide attribution via a link back to this page. Burning containers, lack of restrooms and armor, accumulated garbage, broken air conditioning was just one of the proofs that the military police were not working under ideal conditions. Please check your download folder. All quotes delayed a minimum of 15 minutes. [12][13], In 2019, the anti-violence NGO Rio de Paz stated that only 8% of homicides in Brazil lead to criminal convictions. chief of state: President Luiz Incio LULA da Silva (since 1 January 2023); Vice President Geraldo Jos Rodrigues ALCKMIN Filho (since 1 January 2023); note - the president is both chief of state and head of governmenthead of government: President Luiz Incio LULA da Silva (since 1 January 2023); Vice President Geraldo Jos Rodrigues ALCKMIN Filho (since 1 January 2023)cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the presidentelections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term (eligible for an immediate second term, and additional terms after a one-term break); election last held on 2 October 2022 with runoff on 30 October 2022 (next to be held on 4 October 2026)election results: 2022: Luiz Incio LULA da Silva elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Luiz Incio LULA da Silva (PT) 48.4%, Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 43.2%, Simone Nassar TEBET (MDB) 4.2%, Ciro GOMES (PDT) 3%, other 1.2%; percent of vote in second round - Luiz Incio LULA da Silva (PT) 50.9%, Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 49.1%2018: Jair BOLSONARO elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 46%, Fernando HADDAD (PT) 29.3%, Ciro GOMEZ (PDT) 12.5%, Geraldo ALCKMIN (PSDB) 4.8%, other 7.4%; percent of vote in second round - Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 55.1%, Fernando HADDAD (PT) 44.9%, description: bicameral National Congress or Congresso Nacional consists of:Federal Senate or Senado Federal (81 seats; 3 members each from 26 states and 3 from the federal district directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 8-year terms, with one-third and two-thirds of the membership elected alternately every 4 years)Chamber of Deputies or Camara dos Deputados (513 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional representation vote to serve 4-year terms)elections: Federal Senate - last held on 2 October 2022 for one-third of the Senate (next to be held on 4 October 2026 for two-thirds of the Senate)Chamber of Deputies - last held on 2 October 2022 (next to be held on 4 October 2026)election results: Federal Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PL 8, Brazil Union 5, PT 4, Progressistas 3, PSD 2, Republican 2, MBD 1, PSB 1, PSC 1; note - complete Federal Senate compostion after 2022 election - PL 13, Brazil Union 12, MBD 10, PSD 10, PT 9, Progressistas 7, Podemos 6, PSDB 4, Republicans 3, PDT 2, Cidadania 1, PSB 1, PSC 1, PROS 1, REDE 1 Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PL 99, PT 67, Brazil Union 59, PP 47, MDB 42, PSD 42, Republicans 41, PDT 17, PSB 14, PSDB 13, Podemos 12, PSOL 12, Avante 7, PCdoB 6, PSC 6, PV 6, Cidadania 5, Patriota 4, PROS 4, SD 4, NOVO 3, REDE 2, PTB 1, highest court(s): Supreme Federal Court or Supremo Tribunal Federal (consists of 11 justices)judge selection and term of office: justices appointed by the president and approved by the Federal Senate; justices appointed to serve until mandatory retirement at age 75subordinate courts: Tribunal of the Union, Federal Appeals Court, Superior Court of Justice, Superior Electoral Court, regional federal courts; state court system, Act (Agir) [Daniel TOURINHO] (formerly Christian Labor Party or PTC)Avante [Luis Henrique de Oliveira RESENDE] (formerly Labor Party of Brazil or PTdoB)Brazil Union (Unio Brasil); note - founded from a merger between the Democrats (DEM) and the Social Liberal Party (PSL) Brazilian Communist Party or PCB [Astrogildo PEREIRA]Brazilian Democratic Movement or MDB [Luiz Felipe Baleia TENUTO Rossi]Brazilian Labor Party or PTB [Kassyo Santos RAMOS]Brazilian Renewal Labor Party or PRTB [Jlio Cezar FIDELIX da Cruz]Brazilian Labor Party or PTBBrazilian Social Democracy Party or PSDB [Bruno Cavalcanti de ARAJO]Brazilian Socialist Party or PSB [Carlos Roberto SIQUEIRA de Barros]Christian Democracy or DC [Jos Maria EYMAEL] (formerly Christian Social Cidadania [Roberto Joo Pereira FREIRE] (formerly Popular Socialist Party or PPS)Communist Party of Brazil or PCdoB [Luciana SANTOS]Democratic Labor Party or PDT [Ciro FERREIRA Gomes]Democratic Party or PSDCDemocrats or DEM [Jose AGRIPINO] (formerly Liberal Front Party or PFL); note - dissolved in February 2022Green Party or PV [Jos Luiz PENNA]Liberal Party or PL [Valdemar Costa Neto] (formerly Party of the Republic or PR)National Mobilization Party or PMN [Antonio Carlos Bosco MASSAROLLO]New Party or NOVO [Eduardo RIBEIRO]Patriota [Ovasco RESENDE] (formerly National Ecologic Party or PEN)Podemos [Renata ABREU] (formerly National Labor Party or PTN) Progressive Party (Progressistas) or PP [Ciro NOGUEIRA Lima Filho]Republican Social Order Party or PROS [Euripedes JUNIOR]Republicans (Republicanos) [Marcos Antnio PEREIRA] (formerly Brazilian Republican Party or PRB)Social Christian Party or PSC [Everaldo Dias PEREIRA]Social Democratic Party or PSD [Alfredo COATIT Neto]Social Liberal Party or PSL [Luciano Caldas BIVAR]Socialism and Freedom Party or PSOL [Juliano MEDEIROS]Solidarity or SD [Paulinho DA FORA]Sustainability Network or REDE [Marina SILVA]United Socialist Workers' Party or PSTU [Jos Maria DE ALMEIDA]Workers' Cause Party or PCO [Rui Costa PIMENTA]Workers' Party or PT [Gleisi Helena HOFFMANN], AfDB (nonregional member), BIS, BRICS, CAN (associate), CD, CELAC, CPLP, FAO, FATF, G-15, G-20, G-24, G-5, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, LAS (observer), Mercosur, MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NAM (observer), NSG, OAS, OECD (enhanced engagement), OPANAL, OPCW, Paris Club (associate), PCA, PROSUR, SICA (observer), UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNIFIL, Union Latina, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, chief of mission: Ambassador Nestor Jos FORSTER, Jr. (since 23 December 2020)chancery: 3006 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008telephone: [1] (202) 238-2700FAX: [1] (202) 238-2827email address and website: http://washington.itamaraty.gov.br/en-us/Main.xmlconsulate(s) general: Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Hartford (CT), Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, San Francisco, Washington, DC, chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Douglas A. KONEFF (since July 2021)embassy: SES - Avenida das Naes, Quadra 801, Lote 3, 70403-900 - Braslia, DFmailing address: 7500 Brasilia Place, Washington DC 20521-7500telephone: [55] (61) 3312-7000FAX: [55] (61) 3225-9136email address and website: BrasilliaACS@state.govhttps://br.usembassy.gov/consulate(s) general: Recife, Porto Alegre, Rio de Janeiro, So Paulobranch office(s): Belo Horizonte, green with a large yellow diamond in the center bearing a blue celestial globe with 27 white five-pointed stars; the globe has a white equatorial band with the motto ORDEM E PROGRESSO (Order and Progress); the current flag was inspired by the banner of the former Empire of Brazil (1822-1889); on the imperial flag, the green represented the House of Braganza of Pedro I, the first Emperor of Brazil, while the yellow stood for the Habsburg Family of his wife; on the modern flag the green represents the forests of the country and the yellow rhombus its mineral wealth (the diamond shape roughly mirrors that of the country); the blue circle and stars, which replaced the coat of arms of the original flag, depict the sky over Rio de Janeiro on the morning of 15 November 1889 - the day the Republic of Brazil was declared; the number of stars has changed with the creation of new states and has risen from an original 21 to the current 27 (one for each state and the Federal District)note: one of several flags where a prominent component of the design reflects the shape of the country; other such flags are those of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Eritrea, and Vanuatu, Southern Cross constellation; national colors: green, yellow, blue, name: "Hino Nacional Brasileiro" (Brazilian National Anthem)lyrics/music: Joaquim Osorio Duque ESTRADA/Francisco Manoel DA SILVAnote: music adopted 1890, lyrics adopted 1922; the anthem's music, composed in 1822, was used unofficially for many years before it was adopted, total World Heritage Sites: 23 (15 cultural, 7 natural, 1 mixed)selected World Heritage Site locales: Brasilia (c); Historic Salvador de Bahia (c); Historic Ouro Preto (c); Historic Olinda (c); Iguau National Park (n); Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis (c); Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes (c); Central Amazon Conservation Complex (n); Atlantic Forest South-East Reserves (n); Paraty and Ilha Grande Culture and Biodiversity (m), industrial-led economic growth model; recovering from 2014-2016 recession when COVID-19 hit; industry limited by Amazon rainforest but increasing deforestation; new macroeconomic structural reforms; high income inequality; left UNASUR to join PROSUR, $3.128 trillion (2021 est.